Location, neighbors and area:
Shaanxi Province is located in the hinterland of China, located at 105°29′-111° east longitude 15′, between 31°42′-39°35′ north latitude. It borders Shanxi and Henan to the east, Ningxia and Gansu to the west, Sichuan, Chongqing and Hubei to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the north. It occupies an important position connecting the east and central regions of China to the northwest and southwest. The origin of China’s land is Yongle Town, Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province. The total area of the province is 205,800 square kilometers.
2. Terrain:
Shaanxi has a long and narrow territory, with high terrain in the north and south and low in the middle. It has various terrains such as plateaus, mountains, plains and basins. The Qinling Mountains, which are the climate dividing line between north and south in China, run across the province from east to west. It is about 870 kilometers long from north to south and 200 to 500 kilometers wide from east to west. From north to south, it can be divided into three geomorphological areas: the Northern Shaanxi Plateau, the Guanzhong Plain, and the Qinba Mountains. Among them, 9.26 million hectares are plateaus, 7.41 million hectares are mountainous, and 3.91 million hectares are plains. The main mountain ranges include Qinling Mountains and Daba Mountain. The Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi have many nationally famous peaks and ridges, such as Huashan Mountain, Taibai Mountain, Zhongnan Mountain, and Lishan Mountain.
3. Rivers and lakes:
North of Qinling Mountains is the Yellow River system. The main tributaries from north to south include Kuye River, Wuding River, Yanhe River, Luohe River, Jinghe River (tributary of Weihe River), Weihe River, etc. South of the Qinling Mountains belongs to the Yangtze River system, including the Jialing River, Hanjiang River and Danjiang River.
Except for the Yellow River that flows through the eastern part of the province, the rivers in Shaanxi mainly include the Wei River, Han River, Jing River, Luo River, Yan River, Wuding River, Jialing River, Dan River, Kuye River, etc. There are 583 rivers in the province with a drainage area of more than 100 square kilometers. The Wei River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River, with a total length of 757 kilometers, and is also the main river in the province. It originates from Niaoshu Mountain in Weiyuan County, Gansu Province, and flows through the Guanzhong Plain to Tongguan where it joins the Yellow River. The Han River is the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, with a total length of 1,532 kilometers. It originates from Ningqiang County at both ends of the Micang Mountains in this province, flows through the Qinba Mountains, and flows into the Yangtze River in Wuhan City, Hubei Province.
There are very few lakes in Shaanxi. There are more than 300 "haizi" only in the windy sand and grassland area of northern Shaanxi, with a water surface of nearly 90 square kilometers. The largest of them is Hongjiannao in Shenmu County, with an area of nearly 67 square kilometers and a water depth of 8 -10 meters.
4. Climate:
Shaanxi spans three climate zones, and the climate between the north and the south is quite different. Southern Shaanxi has a northern subtropical climate, Guanzhong and most of northern Shaanxi have a warm temperate climate, and northern Shaanxi along the Great Wall has a mid-temperate climate. Its general characteristics are: warm and dry spring, less pre cipitation, rapid and unstable temperature rise, and windy and sandy weather; hot and rainy summer with occasional drought; cool and humid autumn with rapid temperature drop; cold and dry winter with low temperature and scarce rain and snow . The annual average temperature in the province is 13.7℃, which decreases from south to north and east to west: 7℃-12℃ in northern Shaanxi, 12℃-14℃ in Guanzhong, and 14℃-16℃ in southern Shaanxi. The average temperature in January is -11℃-3.5℃, the average temperature in July is 21℃-28℃, the frost-free period is 160-250 days, the extreme minimum temperature is -32.7℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 42.8℃. The average annual pre cipitation is 340-1240 mm. Precipitation is more in the south and less in the north. Southern Shaanxi is a humid area, Guanzhong is a semi-humid area, and northern Shaanxi is a semi-arid area.
So to sum up, if 12 degrees means the current temperature is relatively warm, if it is winter, it will be very cold.
Baoji has a warm temperate semi-humid climate, and annual climate changes are controlled by the East Asian monsoon (including the plateau monsoon). In winter, it is located on the south side of the powerful Siberian and Mongolian high pre ssures, controlled by the polar continental air masses, and the weather is cold and dry; in summer, it is located in the northeastern part of the Indian low pre ssure and the India-Myanmar low pre ssure trough and the west side of the subtropical high pre ssure in the West Pacific, and the tropical ocean air masses and Polar continental air masses often cross over this area, or are controlled by a single tropical ocean air mass. Warm and rainy weather and hot and dry weather alternate. Spring and autumn are in the transitional period between winter and summer winds, causing the hometown to heat up. Rapid and variable rainfall, rapid cooling and continuous rain in autumn, making it the area with the most continuous rain in Guanzhong in autumn. Sunshine is relatively abundant, with the average annual sunshine hours in most areas ranging from 2,000 to 2,200 hours. The average indoor temperature is the highest in the Weihe Plain Valley, reaching 12~14℃. The city's annual average pre cipitation is between 590 and 900 millimeters, making it the area with the most pre cipitation in Guanzhong.